This study is the result of a major project leading to a White Paper on the burden of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in sixteen selected countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. The project provided an epidemiological and economic assessment of the health and economic consequences of HCV – including its progression and the costs involved in relevant treatment in the region during the period 2008 to 2015. Following an estimation of the trends and implications associated with HCV-related diseases, the study recommends policy options.